The primary and secondary sources our history is built on. Every source below is graded for reliability — this is a citation library, not a claims list.
Author: Muhnot (Muhta) Nainsi, Diwan of Marwar under Maharaja Jaswant Singh I · Date: c. 1650–1665
The most reliable Marwar chronicle available — contains genealogies and village-grant records, including the branch structure of Rathore clans like the Patawats.
Reliability note: the surviving text descends from an 1843 reorganization by Panna Vithu — editions should be cross-checked before citing specific passages.
Nainsi ri Khyat — Wikipedia →Author: Muhnot Nainsi · Published: 1969 critical edition (ed. Fatehsingh), Rajasthan Prachyavidya Pratishthan, Jodhpur
A gazetteer of the seven parganas of Marwar under Jaswant Singh I — village by village, with population, crops, revenue, and land records. Not yet consulted for this site’s content, but the strongest lead available for verifying Karnu’s grant directly in a pargana register, rather than through secondary genealogies.
Part 1 — archive.org → · Part 2 — archive.org →Publisher: Rajput Provinces of India (indianrajputs.com)
Lists “Patoji (Patawat) — Chotila, Aau, Karnu, Barjaansar, Boongadi” as a named branch, matching this clan’s actual village membership closely. Used to corroborate the Wikipedia lineage.
Reliability note: this same source lists other, unrelated branches also named “Patawat” (e.g. “Patawat Mahecha,” and a separate “Patawat family of Barah and Desnokh”) — do not conflate them with this clan. It also shows an internally inconsistent birth year for Rao Ranmal elsewhere on the site.
History of Rathores — indianrajputs.com →Referenced in community accounts (WhatsApp group discussion, July 2026) as a historical marker in Chotila village. Could not be independently located in general searches of indexed Rajasthan inscriptions — this is expected, as village-level inscriptions are rarely digitized.
Needs someone to photograph and transcribe it directly. Nothing about its content should be published until then.
Used to build the verified Rathore succession timeline on the Heritage hub (Rao Chunda → Rao Ranmal → Rao Pato Ji / Rao Jodha).
Ranmal → · Rao Jodha → · Kingdom of Marwar →Held at: Rajasthan State Archives, Bikaner — Basta 12, Granthank 61 · Scanned: September 2024
A handwritten genealogical chronicle naming Aau, in old cursive Marwari Devanagari. A draft page-by-page reading has been transcribed, but most names are tentative and marked uncertain by the transcriber. Not yet verified — kept out of search results until family elders and the original archive confirm each entry.
Read the draft transcription → · Complete page-by-page transcript →How this relates to the July 2026 papers below: the family papers digitised in July 2026 come from the same Thikana Aau tradition. The three royal letters in that set carry clear, datable court formulae and are translated below with confidence; this page-by-page chronicle transcript remains a tentative reading and is still marked unverified. Treat the two as separate tiers of evidence.
In July 2026 the project digitised a set of family papers of Thikana Aau: handwritten khyat transcriptions with photocopies of the original bahi pages. Among them are three letters from the Jodhpur court to the Patawats — each opening with the invocation "Shri Jalandharnathji sahay chhai", the mark of Maharaja Man Singh’s court. English renderings below; Marwari transcriptions and originals are with the History Committee.
A special autograph letter commending the Patawats for the defence of Phalodi. Addressed through Maharaj Kunwar Chhatar Singh to Hari Singh Sarup Singhot, Bankidas Sagram Singhot, Bhom Singh, Ude Singh, Bagh Singh — and "all the asamis of the Patawats": "Your loyal service and good conduct are known to us… And in the quarrel at Phalodi — Chhatar Singh Sundardasot, Birbhan Meghrajot, Jalam Singh Bakhatsinghot, Jodh Singh Anadsinghot, Sirdar Singh Sahebsinghot and others fell in action, and again you stood firm; since you rendered service with body and mind, your ways are known to us in many manners — each and all will receive good favour as their service deserves. The sardars deputed to the army — go now to Phalodi and settle it well." Dated Sawan Badi 11, at the throne, Garh Jodhpur.
A second autograph letter in the same royal style, again naming Hari Singh Sarup Singhot, Udai Singh, Bankidas and the Patawats at Phalodi: "Whatever you are in our service is known to us… the whole petition sent through Mohnot Nawal Mal has reached us; that is your bandagi — be assured of our favour." Dated Sawan Badi 2, Garh Jodhpur.
A personal rukka to the than of village Aau: "Read out our juhaar to Hari Singhji. The moneys advanced to us by Sheikh Nizamuddin and Haidar Bakhsh — rupees 1,000 — settle against our bond, interest cleared; in this is your full bandagi… and of your horses — send one horse; both will be returned (reading uncertain)." A marginal account note records the settlement: ₹300 principal plus ₹700 paid at Jodhpur — ₹1,000 received in full by Haidar Bakhsh. Dated Jeth Sud 14.
Bracketed readings and Samvat–CE conversions are under History Committee review. Full English research compilation: Khyat and Historical Documents, English, 2026-07-29 (project archive).
A second, independent English translation of the whole collection was prepared in July 2026 and checked line by line against the first. It corrected several readings now carried on this site — among them the year of the Bikaner campaign, which man fell in that battle, and the literal sense of Jogidas Patawat's reply at Phalodi. Where the two translations still differ, both readings are shown and marked under review rather than one being chosen silently. The pargana totals from the 1941 census are also recorded there: 91,606 (1901), 96,819 (1911), 84,061 (1921), 85,121 (1931) and 84,930 (1941).
The printed thikana records carry a numbered register of village grants (pattas) with Vikram Samvat dates. Most of those entries are set out on the village page they belong to — Rohina, Kelansar, Padiyal, Chimana, Chadi and Kerla. The five below name places that have no page in our directory yet, so they are recorded here rather than left out.
Granted in inayat to Bhom Singh Rupawat in Samvat 1864 (1807 CE). Bhom Singh had been in attendance on Raja Bagat Singh at Gagrana (reading uncertain), and later on Raja Man Singh; half the jagir of Udat was given in grant. Udat is the village later exchanged twice for halves of Rohina, in S.1889 and S.1904. The 1941 census still records Udat, at 2,000 rekh, under the Rupawat branch.
Granted to Rupawat Ratan Singh Daulatsinghot in Samvat 1877 (1820 CE). The entry records that while bringing supplies during Maharaja Man Singh's siege of Jalore he fell in the clash at Borunda, and the grant was made for that service.
Granted to Kishan Singh Jorawarsinghot in Samvat 1786 (1729 CE) for service at the siege of Jalore.
For the service of Pata Kalawat to Amar Singh in the fort of Phalodi in Samvat 1863, the village was given in 1889. The 1941 census records Unaora, 500 rekh, under a Patawat jagirdar — very likely the same place.
Narhardas was given Lumbhasar in Samvat 1671 (1614 CE) — recorded in the register simply as "Pata Narhardas." The name echoes Lumbha, one of the three sons of Rao Pato Ji.
Village names in this register are written in old Marwari and several are not fully legible; the forms above follow the July 2026 translations and are marked under review until checked against the printed page. Can you settle a point marked Under Review? Send your proof → Related census entries name further Patawat villages with no page here yet — among them Bhojasar, Bungri, Choak, Daigaonri, Jhalariya, Godarli and Balasar.
Family documents, old photographs, manuscripts, or references to other historical texts — every submission is logged here with its own reliability note.
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